{"id":528,"date":"2026-08-24T10:05:20","date_gmt":"2026-08-24T14:05:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/?p=528"},"modified":"2026-08-24T10:05:21","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T14:05:21","slug":"when-is-a-company-not-an-affiliate-under-section-23a-of-the-federal-reserve-act-and-regulation-w","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/2026\/08\/24\/when-is-a-company-not-an-affiliate-under-section-23a-of-the-federal-reserve-act-and-regulation-w\/","title":{"rendered":"When Is a Company NOT an Affiliate under Section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act and Regulation W?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under Regulation W, the definition of &#8220;affiliate&#8221; is critical because it determines which entities trigger the quantitative limits, collateral requirements, and other restrictions of Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act. But not every company with a connection to your bank qualifies as an affiliate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Consider the following: A company controls a subsidiary of a member bank but does not control the bank itself and does not otherwise meet the definition of &#8216;affiliate&#8217; in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecfr.gov\/current\/title-12\/chapter-II\/subchapter-A\/part-223\/subpart-A\/section-223.2\">12 CFR 223.2<\/a>. Is that company an affiliate of the bank? The answer is NO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The affiliate definition in Regulation W focuses on <em>control <\/em>relationships with the member bank, not on control of entities further down the corporate chain. A company must independently meet one of the criteria in Regulation W to be deemed an &#8220;affiliate.&#8221; Simply controlling a subsidiary of the bank, without more, is insufficient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This distinction is important because banks must correctly identify their affiliates to comply with the 10 percent single-affiliate limit and 20 percent aggregate limit on <em>covered transactions<\/em>. Misidentifying non-affiliates as affiliates can unnecessarily restrict business activities, while failing to identify true affiliates can lead to regulatory violations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>DM Tip: <\/strong>Maintain an up-to-date affiliate identification chart that maps all control relationships. When evaluating whether a company is an affiliate, trace the control relationship back to the bank itself, not just to its subsidiaries. Document your analysis for examiner review.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Under Regulation W, the definition of &#8220;affiliate&#8221; is critical because it determines which entities trigger the quantitative limits, collateral requirements, and other restrictions of Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act. But not every company with a connection to your bank qualifies as an affiliate. Consider the following: A company controls a subsidiary &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/2026\/08\/24\/when-is-a-company-not-an-affiliate-under-section-23a-of-the-federal-reserve-act-and-regulation-w\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;When Is a Company NOT an Affiliate under Section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act and Regulation W?&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":693,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[502],"class_list":["post-528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general"],"authors":[{"term_id":502,"user_id":693,"is_guest":0,"slug":"jsilvia","display_name":"Joseph E. Silvia","avatar_url":"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2024\/09\/silviajoseph-100x100.jpg","author_category":"","last_name":"Silvia","first_name":"Joseph E.","job_title":"","user_url":"https:\/\/www.duanemorris.com\/attorneys\/josephsilvia.html","description":"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.duanemorris.com\/attorneys\/josephsilvia.html\">Read Joseph's bio.<\/a>"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/528","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/693"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=528"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/528\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":529,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/528\/revisions\/529"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=528"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=528"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=528"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.duanemorris.com\/bankinglaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=528"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}